10 in python. Extract needed values from your iterables.

Otherwise, round m up. , you can reverse a loop by setting the step argument of a range() to -1. In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to: Use Python’s filter() in your code. pow if either argument is float, and you want float output. Another inverted half-pyramid pattern with a number. W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. There are various ways in which Dictionaries can be merged by the use of various functions and constructors in Pytho Jul 28, 2023 · Given a number, find a representation of number as sum of non-consecutive Fibonacci numbers. May 21, 2024 · Python Bitwise Right Shift. Although this tutorial focuses on Python 3, it does show the old way of printing in Python for reference. It's described as: x % y remainder of x / y So it gives you the remainder/rest that remains if you "floor divide" x by y. floor () function. In this case, reversed_num contains 0 * 10 + 4 = 4. May 9, 2023 · We can pass more than two parameters to the pow () in Python. return fact. You can also run individual lines or a selection of code with the Python: Run Selection/Line in Python Terminal command ( Shift+Enter ). This has a little to do with the function, but I believe the main . 10 minutes to pandas. Then, print all numbers in an interval 1 to 11 using the For Loop. By hand, you can just subtract 2 (or add 2 if your number is negative) over and over until the end result is the smallest positive number possible: 3. Example 1: a = 10 = 0000 1010 (Binary) a >> 1 = 0000 0101 = 5 Example 2: a = -10 = 1111 0110 (Binary) a >> 1 = 1111 1011 = -5 Python Jun 20, 2023 · Solution 1: To count numbers from 1 to 10 in Python, we can use a for loop. Share. Jun 25, 2024 · These statements are pivotal in programming, enabling dynamic decision-making and code branching. This is the tenth maintenance release of Python 3. An integer is a whole number that can be positive or negative. 14 - 1 * 2. 1e+308. Programs to print number pattern. The math. 9 is the merge and update operators. Jun 16, 2016 · Python does not provide e. Use the list () function to convert the output of the range () function into a list and obtain numbers in the specified range. May 2, 2024 · Python 3. x to adopt the 3. Program description:- Write a program to print numbers from 1 to 10 using for loop in python Jun 27, 2023 · Finally, range () takes an optional argument that’s called the step size. If there isn't a selection, the line with your cursor will be run in the Python Terminal. g. 8. This can be understood with the following example. 12. These operators compare numbers or strings and return a value of either True or False. With the Boolean OR operator, you can connect two Boolean expressions into one compound expression. exp () function in Python. Note: print() was a major addition to Python 3, in which it replaced the old print statement available in Python 2. factorial(1000) If you want/have to write it yourself, you can use an iterative approach: def factorial(n): fact = 1. 00' >>> More about string formatting operations. In this tutorial, we will learn about Python lists (creating lists, changing list items, removing items, and other list operations) with the help of examples. log10 () or numpy. Format method in String contains curly braces {} as placeholders which can hold arguments according to position or keyword to specify the order. For example, number = 1 while number <= 3: print(number) number = number + 1 Mar 22, 2023 · Another way to convert a binary number to decimal in python is to use a for loop to iterate over each digit in the binary number, starting from the rightmost digit, and calculate the decimal equivalent. One-th place multiplied by 10 gives you tenth place, tenth gives you hundredth, and so on. To calculate 3 5, we do math. If both subexpressions are false, then the expression is false. This simply gives a list of 10 ones, the same as [1] * 10. It helps to have a Python interpreter handy for hands-on experience, but all examples are self-contained, so the tutorial can be read off-line as well. Dec 4, 2021 · Python does provide a function that allows you to round a number, the round() function. Using Python on Windows ¶. In Python 2. It will cause the for loop to iterate in reverse order. At least one subexpressions must be true for the compound expression to be considered true, and it doesn’t matter which. Enter a number: 663. May 25, 2023 · Basically, the Python modulo operation is used to get the remainder of a division. The function is part of the normal Python library, meaning that you don’t need to import anything. e. Floating-point numbers are represented in computer hardware as base 2 (binary) fractions. Python language offers some special types of operators like the identity operator and the membership operator. A tuple (possible only as a keyword argument) must have length 20 hours ago · Floating-Point Arithmetic: Issues and Limitations — Python 3. # Using a For loop to print the numbers from 10 to 1. Python ValueError: invalid literal for int () with base 10 occurs when input to int () method is alphanumeric instead of numeric and hence the input cannot be converted into an integer. The ternary Expression is useful in cases where we need to assign a value to a variable based on a simple condition, and we want to keep our code more concise — all in just one line of code. These are done by lower-level layers of code, that can read data Jun 16, 2012 · There's the != (not equal) operator that returns True when two values differ, though be careful with the types because "1" != 1. Enter a number: 407. The numeric arguments are first converted to a common type, and the result is of that type. Here are all of the methods of list objects: Jan 9, 2024 · Example 1 - Using range function to loop n times. The int() method returns:. How the Python or Operator Works. x % 2 gives the remainder and we check if it is equal to zero. Each step skips a number since the step size is two. In this section of Python Tutorial, we’ll explore Python’s conditional logic, from basic if…else statements to nested conditions and the concise ternary operator. math. We can also define a function inside a Python class. Python is dynamically, but strongly typed, and other statically typed languages would complain about comparing different types. Python Program to Count the Number of Occurrence of a Character in String. Output. One of the latest features in Python 3. x behavior. You can interpret this answer as to how many slices of pizza are left over when 10 slices are shared with four eaters. x == y checks whether x equals y, hence x == 0 checks whether x equals 0. A for loop is used for iterating over a sequence (that is either a list, a tuple, a dictionary, a set, or a string). #. Jul 12, 2024 · Strings in Python or string data type in Python can be formatted with the use of format() method which is a very versatile and powerful tool for formatting Strings. List Methods . I. Python 3. py", line 1 print(10, 20, sep=' - ', 30) ^ SyntaxError: positional argument follows keyword argument File Argument in Python print() Contrary to popular belief, the print() function doesn’t convert messages into text on the screen. x (like floor division) and Python 3. Adding several numbers together is a common intermediate step in many computations, so sum() is a pretty handy tool for a Python programmer. The idea is to use Greedy Algorithm. Oct 22, 2010 · 30. # Assign a binary number as a string to the variable 'bin_num'. Mapping Type: When you have the expression: a % b = c. 9 April 2, 2024 Download Release Notes. 4. Since, {0} doesn't contain any other format codes Aug 22, 2014 · To test if two float values are exactly equal, just use ==: >>> 0. 4 June 6, 2024 Download Release Notes. log10. : 5-> 10, 4-> 0, 95->100, etc. Start Learning Python All Python Tutorials Reference Materials. This is the code I have that does this: Python takes advantage of . 0 >>> "%2. You need the random python module which is part of your standard library. Therefore, if you know the power and can hardcode it, using 2*2*2 would likely be a little faster than 2**3. Python Program. The integer division can be done on Python 3 too, with // operator, thus to get the 7 as a result, you can execute: 3 + 2 + 1 - 5 + 4 % 2 - 1 // 4 + 6 6. Mar 17, 2022 · Use a negative step value in a range() function to generate the sequence of numbers in reverse order. Mar 27, 2023 · To create a list of numbers from 1 to N in Python using the range () function you have to pass two arguments to range (): “start” equal to 1 and “stop” equal to N+1. 0 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations. The list data type has some more methods. In Python, the modulo has many practical use cases. Similar effect as of dividing the number with some power of two. The built-in pow () function. Apr 12, 2022 · Well, to write greater than or equal to in Python, you need to use the >= comparison operator. 10 minutes to pandas #. # Initialize a variable 'deci_num' to 0 to store the decimal I am trying to round integers in python. num is then divided by 10 so that now it only contains the first three digits: 123. Definite iteration loops are frequently referred to as for loops because for is the keyword that is used to introduce them in nearly all programming languages, including Python. x: 10 / 3 3 // Truncation Division (also known as floordivision or floor division) Jun 16, 2021 · 1. for num in range(2, n + 1): fact *= num. Shifts the bits of the number to the right and fills 0 on voids left( fills 1 in the case of a negative number) as a result. The expression can be whatever you like, and Jun 19, 2024 · Adding Elements to a Python List Method 1: Using append() method. In most languages, both operands of this modulo operator have to be an integer. And use math. Mar 13, 2024 · File "0b97e8c5-bacf-4e89-9ea3-c5510b916cdb. My goal is to round integers to the closest multiple of 10. Why don't you just do: from random import randint. Feb 24, 2024 · Steps to Print Pattern in Python. Factorial of a Number using Recursion # Python program to find the factorial of a number provided by the user # using recursion def factorial(x): """This is a recursive function to find the factorial of an integer""" if x == 1: return 1 else: # recursive call to the function return (x * factorial(x-1)) # change the value for a different result num = 7 # to take input from the user # num = int Apr 3, 2011 · Python releases by version number: Release version Release date Click for more. 407 is an Armstrong number. 2 days ago · Data Structures — Python 3. Dictionary Methods . A Survey of Definite Iteration in Programming. With filter(), you can apply a filtering function to an iterable and produce a new iterable with the items that satisfy the condition at hand. Python has the following data types built-in by default, in these categories: Text Type: str. Input values. 2 or later in the 2. 2 3 coded becomes pow (2, 3). This will always return True and "1" == 1 will always return False, since the types differ. For example, range(5, -,1, -1) will produce numbers like 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1. Oct 9, 2008 · In Python 2. Here is the code: for i in range(1, 11): print(i) In this code, we use the range () function to generate a sequence of numbers from 1 to 10. However, if it reaches the number divisible by 5, it will break the loop. When the condition becomes false, execution comes out of the loop immediately, and the first statement after the while loop is executed. so the 0 essentially means true? It means the number zero, nothing more. x: Python3: 10 / 3 3. When the installer is finished downloading, move on to the next step. 13 documentation. Then look at the digit d in the first decimal place of m. We need to calculate the sum of the cube of each digit. I looked at the built-in round() function but it seems that that rounds floats. To run the active Python file, click the Run Python File in Terminal play button in the top-right side of the editor. Release Date: Oct. If all the numbers are integers, then it returns an integer. Now you know how to perform membership tests using Python’s in and not in operators. . For a description of standard objects and modules, see The Python Standard Jan 6, 2022 · The easiest way is to use math. pow () function. answered Apr 1, 2021 at 10:09. The ** operator will, internally, use an iterative function (same semantics as built-in pow() ( Python docs ), which likely means it just calls that function anyway). Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more. For example: 1/2 gives 0 in python 2. Python Program to Compute all the Permutation of the String. Nov 14, 2014 · This will convert from any base, provided base <= 36, to any base (same restriction), with a default output base of 10. 1. The function accepts two parameters: (1) a number (either an integer or a floating point value), and (2) the number of decimals to which to round the number. It really means there exists an integer n that makes c as small as possible, but non-negative. It will return a Boolean value – either True or False. Since the name is a requirement for the rest of the game to work, you need to make sure you get it. In Python, you can calculate the modulo using the percentage operator %. 75; this is because the / does a true division, not integer division like (by default) on Python 2. Reverse number pattern. Pyramid pattern of numbers. Let us see some examples of number patterns in python. Inverted pyramid pattern of numbers. Scroll to the bottom and click macOS 64-bit installer to start the download. 10. Examples: Input: n = 10 Output: 8 2 8 and 2 are two non-consecutive Fibonacci Numbers and sum of them is 10. To program 2 5 we do 2 ** 5. See below for a quick example of this: 2 days ago · Using Python on Windows — Python 3. Variables can store data of different types, and different types can do different things. A while loop is a part of a control flow Round the number n to p decimal places by first shifting the decimal point in n by p places. 4 documentation. Major new features of the 3. 663 is not an Armstrong number. pow (3, 5). In Python 3, they made the / operator do a floating-point division, and added the // operator to do integer division (i. when duplicated in thousands of objects) you Apr 25, 2017 · The percentage sign is an operator in Python. Python Program to Check If Two Strings are Anagram. May 27, 2024 · Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical calculations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and modulus. 4. If you want to print 10. It return the value of 3 to the power of 4, modulus 10 (same as (3 * 3 * 3 * 3) % 10) Multiplication by 10 adds a new place in the reversed number. Feb 13, 2012 · Python is displaying 10. x = 10. But Python Modulo is versatile in this case. In simple words, The while loop enables the Python program to repeat a set of operations while a particular condition is true. Among the new major new features and changes so far: Jan 7, 2014 · 4. for i in range(5, 10): print(i) Run Code Copy. bin_num = '1101'. Jun 18, 2015 · Python _ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: _very weird Hot Network Questions Alternative to isinglass for tarts or other desserts Brian's answer (a custom function) is the correct and simplest thing to do in general. You'll explore integer, floating-point numbers, and complex numbers and see how perform calculations using Python's arithmetic operators, math functions, and number methods. Identity operators. z = 123456789. This document aims to give an overview of Windows-specific behaviour you should know about when using Python on Microsoft Windows. Internally, Since "Adam" is the 0 th argument, it is placed in place of {0}. This is the eleventh maintenance release of Python 3. 3333333333333335 and in Python 2. append((randint(1,100),randint(1,100))) Then randoms will be an array of 10 integers, randomly generated between 1 and 100 (inclusive). Python formats a float, when echoed in the interpreter, with the repr() function, and it represents the value by formatting with the g notation; this notation switches to using the scientific representation (e formatting) when the exponent gets large enough. Data Structures ¶. While a list is in many cases sufficient and easy enough, for performance critical uses (e. We could have solved the above problem without using a loop by using the following formula. Inverted Pyramid pattern with the same digit. Since each approach gives the right answer, feel free to pick any. As an additional and interesting use case, you can concatenate lists and tuples using sum(), which can Jan 12, 2022 · 1. 10 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations. 0 // 2 will return 2. For a discussion on the differences between pow and math. To print the numbers from 10 to 1 using a for loop: Use the range class to get a range of the numbers from 1 to 10. The range () function takes two arguments: the starting number and the ending number (exclusive). There were a number of good reasons for that, as you’ll see shortly. Output 2. int() Return Value. As of this writing, the latest version was Python 3. To do that, multiply n by 10ᵖ (10 raised to the p power) to get a new number, m. Release Date: Feb. Elements can be added to the List by using the built-in append() function. Jun 26, 2023 · In Python, the “//” operator works as a floor division for integer and float arguments. 00 for display purposes, use the string formatting operator % like so: >>> a = 10 >>> float (a) 10. In Python, is and is not are used to check if two values are located at the same memory location. Say you want to code a small Python game to guess a random number between 1 and 10. A location into which the result is stored. Dec 7, 2009 · x = [0] * 10 x = [0 for i in xrange(10)] Edit: replaced range by xrange to avoid creating another list. randoms = [] for i in range(10): randoms. 11. This is a short introduction to pandas, geared mainly for new users. 10 series, compared to 3. Built-in Functions . 000001 == 10**-6 True You may be confusing representation with the value. The "greater than or equal to" operator is known as a comparison operator. A Python function defined inside a class is called a method. On Feb 26, alpha 4 versions have been released by the development team. 7, we'll have to explicitly type cast the division value to float because Python round of the result of division of two int as integer. Output 1. This is the stable release of Python 3. 9. Run. In this example, we pass a string containing alphanumeric characters to the int () function due to which In Python, we use the while loop to repeat a block of code until a certain condition is met. In your example, the second x is the variable used by the for loop, and the first x is simply an expression, which happens in your case to be just x. __getitem__() to make the membership operators work correctly. 1) Let n Python For Loops. Conclusion. = 3. Since the template string references format() arguments as {0} and {1}, the arguments are positional arguments. # Integers have unlimited precision. Use the code from random import randint. , quotient without remainder); whereas in Python 2, the / operator was simply integer division, unless one of the operands was already a floating point number. This is less like the for keyword in other programming languages, and works more like an iterator method as found in other object-orientated programming languages. x % 2 is 1 when the number is odd, and 0 when it is even. Python Program to Capitalize the First Character of a String. With the for loop we can execute a set of Jun 25, 2021 · print(count) count = count + 1. To be quite clear: what is going on here is that you make an empty list called randoms. integer portion of the number - for a single argument value (any number) 0 - for no arguments ; integer representation of a number with a given base (0, 2 ,8 ,10,16) From the Python 3 docs: The power operator has the same semantics as the built-in pow () function, when called with two arguments: it yields its left argument raised to the power of its right argument. We’ll also introduce the powerful match case statement, new in Python 3. 14 March 19, 2024 Download Release Notes. Let's see an example, # create a class class Room W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. 3 days ago · This tutorial introduces the reader informally to the basic concepts and features of the Python language and system. Note: The “//” operator is used to return the closest integer value which is less than or equal to a specified expression or value. if a == 0 or a > 0 means the same thing as if a >= 0. edited May 23, 2017 at 12:31. for i in range (x, y) In this example, we will take a range from x until y, including x but not including y, insteps of one, and iterate for each of the element in this range using For loop. It’s best to illustrate this: for i in range(0, 6, 2): print(i, end=" ") # Output will be: 0 2 4. Oct 27, 2021 · The operator is placed between two numbers, such as number_1 ** number_2, where number_1 is the base and number_2 is the power to raise the first number to. The inverse of the natural logarithm is the exponential function, which can be calculated using the numpy. In Python 3, there is no limit to how long an integer value can be. Return the base 10 logarithm of the input array, element-wise. # Following numbers are integers. Floating-Point Arithmetic: Issues and Limitations ¶. 5 and higher should round up, 4 and lower should round down. 0. They are described below with examples. Your turn: Modify the above program to find the sum of natural numbers using the formula below. Well, they are for different tasks, really. 9 is still in development and scheduled to be released in October this year. Note that in this case, the statement inside the else block will not be printed as the loop stops iterating when the value reaches 5. The operands can be either integers or Apr 9, 2024 · If the condition isn't met, the number variable is in the specified range (1 to 10), so we print its value and increment it by 1. Number pattern is a pattern created by numbers of any geometrical shape using controlled loops like squares, triangles, rectangles, etc. String Methods Print 1 to 10 in Python using For Loop. It is equivalent to 2 16 = 65536, or pow(2, 16) You can use the programs below in your python programs as well. Aug 25, 2016 · Else for Python <2. This operator will divide the first argument by the second and round the result down to the nearest whole number, making it equivalent to the math. Python has three ways to exponentiate values: The ** operator. Use the reversed() function to reverse the range. log () function in Python. The modulo operator ( %) is considered an arithmetic operation, along with +, –, /, *, **, //. 15. The first parameter is the number on which we want to apply the Pow () function, the second parameter is the power and the third parameter is to perform the modulus operation. The example here iterates over the range of numbers from 1 to 10 and prints its value. Integers. The above image shows some of the number patterns that you can create in In this tutorial, you'll learn about numbers and basic math in Python. 0 since that's the floor division result of the operation. Extract needed values from your iterables. 5. 7 and below. In Python float s are usually double-precision IEEE-754 floating point numbers; it has 11 exponent bits, which in practice means that it can represent a number ~2^1024 at maximum. Alternate numbers pattern using a while loop. 0, then from Python 2. As a first step, you decide to use input() to capture the user’s name. you can convert a string into int only if it is base-10 otherwise it will throw ValueError, stating invalid literal for int() with base 10. Customarily, we import as follows: In [1]: import numpy as np In [2]: import pandas as pd. 14 % 2. 6 onwards you can redefine the mod() operator: Jan 14, 2023 · Here you are trying to convert a string into int type which is not base-10. This chapter describes some things you’ve learned about already in more detail, and adds some new things as well. Step 2: Run the Installer Jun 29, 2022 · 10 -3 *, % Multiplication, Modulo: 27 % 7 Result: 6 / Division This operation brings about different results for Python 2. 0 because you're displaying a floating point number, and Python will only display as many decimal places as is needed. If you've got a result greater than that: Python will convert it to IEEE 754 infinity instead: >>> 1e308. Most arithmetic operators look the same as those used in everyday mathematics (or in spreadsheet formulas). Only one element at a time can be added to the list by using the append() method, for the addition of multiple elements with the append() method, loops are used. The answer is 10 % 4, which is 2. 3 April 9, 2024 Download Release Notes. However, the division operator ‘/’ returns always a float value. Whether you're constructing a website, or a sophisticated web application Pyramid offers the resources and adaptability to complete the task effectively. numpy. squares = [x*x for x in range(10)] This gives x squared for each x in the specified range. i. If not provided or None, a freshly-allocated array is returned. This type of test allows you to check if a given value is present in a collection of values, which is a pretty common operation in programming. 2. pow, see this question. Use pow (equivalent to x ** y with two arguments) when you want integer arithmetic. More on Lists ¶. In Python, we can perform floor division (also sometimes known as integer division) using the // operator. 625 has value 6/10 + 2/100 + 5/1000, and in the same way the binary fraction 0. SamTheProgrammer. Python Special operators. Mar 29, 2023 · The natural logarithm (log) is calculated using the numpy. Historically, programming languages have offered a few assorted flavors of for loop. Sep 18, 2023 · Get to know Python’s arithmetic operators and use them to build arithmetic expressions; Explore Python’s comparison, Boolean, identity, and membership operators; Build expressions with comparison, Boolean, identity, and membership operators; Learn about Python’s bitwise operators and how to use them Oct 8, 2009 · 639. Regardless of the future import, 5. Number Pattern. x line, there is no difference for integers unless you perform a from __future__ import division, which causes Python 2. Generally (at least in Python) given a number x and a divisor y: x == y * (x // y) + (x % y) For example if you divide 5 by 2: >>> 5 // 2 2 >>> 5 % 2 1 >>> 2 * (5 // 2) + (5 % 2) 5 Mar 19, 2024 · The Python ternary Expression determines if a condition is true or false and then returns the appropriate value in accordance with the result. Sep 8, 2014 · 1. The step size defines how big each step is between the calculated numbers. For example: >>> 10 % 4. Unlike most Unix systems and services, Windows does not include a system supported installation of Python. If provided, it must have a shape that the inputs broadcast to. Python Program to Create a Countdown Timer. Python’s built-in function sum() is an efficient and Pythonic way to sum a list of numeric values. So from the above code, 5//2 returns 2. a !< operator, because it is not needed. 19 March 19, 2024 Download Release Notes. Apr 5, 2023 · Python 3. Also: as many others have noted including Pi and Ben James, this creates a list, not a Python array. if x % 2 == 0 checks if a number is even. n*(n+1)/2. log10 #. Jun 20, 2024 · Python Pyramid, often simply referred to as Pyramid, is an open-source web framework used for building web applications and web services in Python. y = -10. You can see more complex recipes in the Cookbook. For example, the decimal fraction 0. Apr 19, 2016 · Show activity on this post. Sequence Types: list, tuple, range. Here, we ask the user for a number and check if it is an Armstrong number. 2f" % a '10. The logarithm with a base other than e can be calculated using the numpy. Input: n = 30 Output: 21 8 1 21, 8 and 1 are non-consecutive Fibonacci Numbers and sum of them is 30. If d is less than 5, round m down to the nearest integer. 6 and above): import math. def changebase(n, base=10, to=10): ''' params: n - number to convert base - current base of number to - desired base, must be <= 36 ''' # check that bases are <= 36 if to > 36 or base > 36: raise ValueError('max base is 36') # convert to base 10 n = int(str(n),base) positive Feb 8, 2023 · Python 3. We will take a range from 1 to 11. Mar 10, 2013 · Using Python on Windows — Python 3. X: In Python 3: Under the “Python Releases for Mac OS X” heading, click the link for the Latest Python 3 Release - Python 3. Numeric Types: int, float , complex. x. For example, if n = 16, the sum would be (16*17)/2 = 136. Python lists store multiple data together in a single variable. num1= randint(0,9) This will set the variable num1 to a random number between 0 and 9 inclusive. log2 () functions in Python. They both can also be referenced without the numbers as {} and Python internally converts them to numbers. Among the new major new features and changes so far: Python 3. In Python, filter() is one of the tools you can use for functional programming. But if you really wanted to define a numeric type with a (non-standard) '%' operator, like desk calculators do, so that 'X % Y' means X * Y / 100. 4, 2021. a - n*b = c. It can grow to have as many digits as your computer’s memory space allows. Among the new major new features and changes so far: Apr 21, 2013 · 8. factorial (available in Python 2. On Python 3 the calculation yields 6. Release Date: April 5, 2023. 8, 2023. On Python 2 1 / 4 gives 0, as the result is rounded down. Improve this answer. The Python exponent operator works with both int and float datatypes, returning a float if any of the numbers are floats. js ex ay io bo nv dv ts cp ip